ABSTRACT
Complement activation-related pseudo-allergic reactions (CARPA) may represent 77% of all immune-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Because of the universality of the CARPA response and correlation between it and drug properties, complement activity tests are recommended as one of the tests for immunotoxicity and bioequivalence of drugs. However, in-vivo tests of complement activation are complicated, and the immunological differences between different individuals and between human and animal, making it very necessary to establish a standard and sample evaluation model for testing the effects of drugs on complement activity. In this study, the standard reaction serum was prepared by pooling sera collected from 40 healthy blood donors; a standard positive control was prepared by incubation with a heat-agglutinated IgG and zymosan A; SC5b-9, C5a, C4d and Bb were chosen as the test targets and evaluation criteria of the results was defined, all of these constituted the in-vitro model. By using this in-vitro model, the immunological toxicity of the different prescription of antifungal drug amphotericin B, and voriconazole for injection, and the bioequivalence of amphotericin B liposome formulations were studied.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To improve the solubility of prasugrel in aqueous solution, the solubilization effect of SBE-β-CD and HP-β-CD research on prasugrel.
ABSTRACT
Vaccination during periods of lymphopenia may facilitate immune responses to weak self-antigens and enhance antitumor immunity. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tumor vaccine immunotherapy combined with immune reconstruction using tumor-bearing host immune cells in lymphopenia, and to investigate the role of tumor-bearing host T cells activated in vitro during immunotherapy. Animal study conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2009 to January 2010. Lymphopenia was induced by cyclophosphamide. A reconstituted immune system with different syngeneic lymphocytes was employed, including lymphocytes from naive rats [unsensitized group], tumor-bearing rats [tumor-bearing group], and tumor-bearing rats activated in vitro [activated group]. All rats were immunized with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]-modified NuTu-19 ovarian cancer [GM-CSF/NuTu-19] cells. Tumor vaccine-draining lymph nodes [TVDLNs] were harvested, and then stimulated to induce effector T cells [T[E]]. T[E] were then adoptively transferred to rats bearing a 3-day pre-established abdominal tumor [NuTu-19], and the survival rate was calculated. Compared with the unsensitized group, the levels of interleukin-2 [IL-2] were significantly lower in the tumor-bearing group, whereas that of IL-4 were significantly higher [P<.05]. The number of CD4+T cells secreting interferon-gamma and the specific cytotoxicity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes were significantly lower [P<.05]. The survival was significantly higher in the activated group compared with the other groups. Lymphocytes from tumor-bearing rats activated in vitro can effectively reverse the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-bearing hosts
Subject(s)
Animals , Lymphopenia/chemically induced , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Cyclophosphamide , RatsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effects between acupuncture and Bezoxazocine injection in treatment of orthopedic postoperative pain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 30 cases in each group. The patients in the acupuncture group were treated by acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB 39) as main point and Ashi points for 30 minutes; the medication group were treated by intramuscular injection of Bezoxazocine injection, 20 mg once, three times per day. Then the pain changes within 48 hours were observed and recorded in two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The good rates at 24 hours and 48 hours were 89.2% and 100.0% in the acupuncture group and 81.4% and 96.3% in the medication group, respectively. The analgesic effect of acupuncture was better than that of Bezoxazocine injection (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Analgesic effect of acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB 39) on orthopedic postoperative pain and Ashi points is better than Bezoxazocine injection.</p>